Pre production essay

The process of pre-production plays an important

The internet or through film festivals. If they are successful through this then it may well part in the making of a moving image text. If it is skipped or not carried out in detail, the final outcome would have little organisation in terms of personnel, equipment and could easily lack creative direction also. The process should begin with various creative processes, these include script writing, storyboarding and writing up shot lists. Once this has been completed there are a number of legal and logistical issues that would need to be dealt with. These include hiring equipment, props, costumes and also sorting locations. In terms of paperwork there is talent releases, location recces and various risk assessments. It is only now that the rest of production can be carried out.

Types of moving image productions

Different types of moving image production require different methods of distribution. Mainstream movies are commonly made and distributed by companies that produces their films though cinema release first then move onto DVD/Blu-Ray release later. Once a film becomes less popular with time companies such as sky can start distributing it also, as well as free-to-air channels even later e.g. film four, in contrast to this independent films don’t follow this same process of distribution as whoever is producing the independent film may not have a deal. In this case, the individual would take promotion into their own hands, often lead to a ‘straight to DVD’ release or if they are lucky enough a smaller more limited cinema release.

Social media has become and is an increasingly popular way to distribute different types of moving image. This could be anything from vlogs to films. Many people choose sites such as YouTube, vimeo and DailyMotion because it is a cheap and easy way to upload and get they’re content out there. Also due to them being so popular, videos can become hits pretty much overnight with the correct, sharing and viewing.
Sources of finance:

There are many different sources of finance when it comes to making a media production. If the film or production has a high budget they can fund the project themselves and make the money back from it, often with profit, however this isn’t always the case with smaller budgeted filmmaking companies who need to raise some money in order to complete production successfully and to a good standard. Ways of doing this include: the BFI (British Filmmaking Institute) help filmmakers fund projects through the National Lottery, who earn their money via the public. They have helped fund many projects over the years, including Swallows and Amazons in 2016. Other production companies are funded by independent sponsors such as Brad Pitt.

Requirements:

During pre-production there are certain requirements for filming, for example the props needed for the production and media text. Different genres of film require different amounts of money to spend on props. For example a comedy series would require significantly less props than a series like Game of Thrones would. Productions often try to keep costs of these requirements to a minimum in order to stay within their given budget.

As well as props, funds also have to be spent on other things such as equipment for the crew, including cameras, lighting and sound equipment, however purchasing all the kit needed would be too expensive so it is hired out for a period of filming time that is required. However this is not cheap either and would need to be considered in the original budget. Another requirement that costs money is the wages for the actors starring in the production, this varies depending on both the type of production and the actor themselves, in big films companies often fork out for the big names as they have to be paid more.

Personnel:

When making a moving image production, the typical team varies, depending on the length of the production. The team would include actors and crew. In a low budget short film the team would include: a director, producer, actors, camera crew, lighting and sound operators, editors, a screen writer and scriptwriter. In this case each member of the crew are very likely to have more than one role each.For example in the "Blair Witch Project" the teen cast filmed as well as starring in the short to create a low budget film. In small productions like this extra personnel wouldn't be required,such as make up artists and runners etc.
Time:
In the professional film industry not meeting deadlines can have serious consequences and impact. For example if the pre production paperwork isn't completed in time, this will then hold up filming,most production,advertising and even the release date and one error with time keeping can sabotage the whole process. Delays of this nature can cause investors to question the films success which can result in the production company loosing their sponsor(s) and  could then possibly not be able to afford to proceed.An example of when this has been the case was in the production of "the day the clown died",which never got released due to issue with the script and financial difficulties.
Materials:
Certain materials are required during production of a moving image other than regular cast and crew.This includes make up artists,costumes,catering and props.The importance of these materials varies,depending on the type of production,for example a short film with a low budget would not need make up artists or costume (unless their is a certain image or era that needs to be upheld) e.g:a period drama.This is unlikely with productions with a low budget as funds are needed for more essential materials and equipment. For a larger budgeted production however,materials like these would be classed as essential.The production company would supply everything so the actors would not need to worry. Large Hollywood productions also often require larger props,green screen and or stage sets to complete production to suit a certain genre e,g an action film such as Transformers would require such materials for certain scenes within the film.
Legal Issues:
Legal requirements for a moving image production include:location recce and releases and insurance for cast and crew.This is very important in case someone gets injured on set during production,without the correct insurance and security checks an incident of this nature would leave the company in a lot of legal trouble.The same would happen for shooting on a location without the required permission to do so.
Regulation:
OFCOM is a communications regulator in the UK. They regulate the number of communications in the UK for TV,radio and phones,preventing people getting scammed,the communications act, which OFCOM are legally required to follow,states that they have to further the interest of citizens and consumers,and promote competition where appropriate, as well as this OFCOM themselves have a set of rules and regulations which they take responsibly for themselves.
The BBC used to be regulated independently by the BBC trust as it is a government funded organisation it was funded by the public and TV licensing payments and they continue to govern and run the organisation independently.However, since the  3rd of April 2017, OFCOM became an external regulator and regulates the content standard of BBC radio and televsion
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